Chewing gum is a popular habit, usually associated with fresh breath and better concentration. But recent research by the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) shows that with each piece of gum chewed, you could unknowingly be ingesting thousands of tiny plastic pieces. These microplastics can impact your nervous system.
“Contrary to the original gum based on tree sap, modern gum base is virtually plastic. Most chewing gums today have synthetic polymers such as polyethylene and polyvinyl acetate, substances used often in plastic bags and glues. As you chew, friction and saliva slowly decompose the surface of the gum, sending thousands of tiny plastic particles into your mouth. These particles mix with saliva and are either swallowed or absorbed by the body,” says Dr Aditya Gupta, Director, Neurosurgery & Cyberknife, Artemis Hospital, Gurugram.
Even though studies on microplastics in gum are few at this point, studies of other sources of microplastic exposure indicate that brain health may be at risk. Microplastic particles have been known to breach biological barriers like the lining of the gut and, in some instances, even the blood-brain barrier. This is serious business in terms of what they might do to the nervous system.
Why is the study of concern?
Every gram of gum released 100 microplastics, according to the study, which is presently undergoing peer review. As many as 600 microplastics per gram were produced by some items. Therefore, a larger piece of gum may release over 1,000 microplastics into our mouths, which we would then consume. Thus, the worry.
How do microplastics impact brain health?
The body may react immunologically to microplastics, which could lead to chronic inflammation. Inflammation in the brain has been linked to neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Additionally, exposure to microplastics can increase oxidative stress, which damages nerve cells and accelerates the aging process of the brain. Over time, this may cause neurological diseases and impede mental functions.
Certain plastic fragments interfere with hormones that regulate brain function, making them endocrine disruptors. This could affect memory, emotions, and even thought processes. Gum microplastics have unknown long-term effects, although repeated exposure from various sources does affect brain function.
How damaging is long-term exposure to microplastics?
The neurological system is extremely vulnerable to poisons. Animal studies show that exposure to microplastics can impact motor skills, memory, and learning. Even though research on humans is still ongoing, it is vital to be aware of potential risks, especially for people who chew gum often.
Reducing the usage of chewing gum made of plastic may be a good idea, but more research is needed to fully understand the implications.
What about gum alternatives?
Exposure to microplastics can be decreased by switching to natural gum products made from chicle, a plant resin. However, processing them is not advised. Consuming a diet rich in antioxidants can also counteract oxidative stress brought on by exposure to pollutants in the environment.
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